Index Price Oracle and Weights

Kuma sources index prices from Pyth Network with 2 second update frequency. Pyth prices are cryptographically verified on chain by the exchange smart contract.

Kuma also operates a first-party index price collection service for redundancy. If Pyth data is unavailable or stale, Kuma automatically falls back to internal index pricing data. Kuma sources prices from high-volume spot exchanges, uses the median of best ask, best bid, and last trade price as the source price, discards any data points greater than 10% away from the median of sources, and computes the weighted mean of the remaining values. Markets quoted in anything other than USD, for example USDT, are corrected for the quote value. These values are signed in hardware at collection and are verified on chain by the exchange smart contract.

Internal Index Price Sources and Weights

BTC-USD

Binance
BTC-USDT
45.6%

Bybit

BTC-USDT

11.6%

Coinbase

BTC-USD

16.1%

Gateio

BTC-USDT

9.2%

Kraken

BTC-USD

3.6%

OKX

BTC-USDT

13.9%

ETH-USD

Binance
ETH-USDT
41.9%

Bybit

ETH-USDT

13.78%

Coinbase

ETH-USD

12.71%

Gateio

ETH-USDT

11.37%

Kraken

ETH-USD

3.45%

OKX

ETH-USDT

16.79%

SOL-USD

Binance
SOL-USDT
55%

Bybit

SOL-USDT

8.92%

Coinbase

SOL-USD

15.41%

Gateio

SOL-USDT

3.49%

Kraken

SOL-USD

7%

OKX

SOL-USDT

10.18%

Last updated